Iran and Russia have reached an agreement to collaborate on the construction of a crucial North-South transport network. By avoiding the Suez Canal and other traditional trade routes, this corridor presents significant economic opportunities and will help diversify international transport flows. 

Iran and Russia agreed Wednesday to collaborate on the construction of the final part of a commercial transport network linking to the Gulf and India while avoiding Western sea lanes.

Iranian Transport Minister Mehrdad Bazrpash, who signed the agreement with his Russian counterpart in Tehran, said the 164-kilometre (102-mile) railway in Iran’s north would be completed within three years.

It is the only missing link in the International North-South Transport Corridor (INSTC) from northeast Russia via Azerbaijan to Iran’s southern coastline and on to India by sea.

Russia and Iran are both under international sanctions that restrict trade.

The freight network of ship, rail and road routes, which covers some 7,200 kilometres, avoids the Suez Canal between the Mediterranean and the Red Sea which would otherwise transport some Russian seaborne cargo.

Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi, who attended the signing ceremony, and Russia’s Vladimir Putin, who spoke there via videoconference, both hailed the economic opportunities the agreement presents.

The planned railroad would connect Rasht, a city in northern Iran, and the Astara crossing on the border with Azerbaijan.

Bazrpash said the “process of construction” of the Rasht-Astara railway “has started and we will finalise it within the next three years”.

Raisi said that, once completed, the INSTC will boost regional trade and noted the “great potential” in ties with Russia.

The latest agreement is “an important strategic step on the path of cooperation between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Russian Federation”, he said.

Putin praised the “obvious economic benefits” for both Moscow and Tehran in the form of new jobs and investments.

“This unique north-south transport artery, of which the Rasht–Astara railway will be a part, will help significantly diversify international transport flows,” Putin said.

“The transportation of goods through the new corridor will have a significant competitive advantage,” he argued.

“The delivery of goods from Saint Petersburg (in Russia) to Mumbai (in India) will take about 10 days, compared to the journey through traditional trade routes that takes 30 to 45 days.”

Marie de La Roche Saint-André, with AFP