Arab and Muslim leaders demanded on Monday that Israel withdraw from occupied Palestinian territories as a precondition for regional peace, while denouncing "shocking" Israeli crimes in war-ravaged Gaza.
The summit meeting in the Saudi capital gave the Arab League and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation's 57 nations a chance to speak with one voice on turmoil unfolding across the region, more than a year into the Israel-Hamas war in the Gaza Strip.
It came less than a week after Donald Trump secured a second term as President of the United States, Israel's top military backer.
The summit's closing statement said that "a just and comprehensive peace in the region... cannot be achieved without ending the Israeli occupation of all occupied Arab territories to the line of June 4, 1967," referring to the occupied West Bank and east Jerusalem as well as Gaza and the Golan Heights.
The statement mentioned UN resolutions which have called on Israel to withdraw from these areas, and the 2002 Arab Peace Initiative, in which Arab nations offered Israel normalized ties in return for a two-state agreement with the Palestinians along the 1967 lines.
The international community should "launch a plan with specific steps and timing under international sponsorship" to make a sovereign Palestinian state a reality, the statement said.
The hard-right Israeli government of Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu remains implacably opposed to Palestinian statehood, a point-driven home earlier on Monday when Israel's newly appointed foreign minister, Gideon Saar, dismissed the prospect as not "realistic".
Israeli Finance Minister Bezalel Smotrich later vowed to push for annexation of parts of the West Bank in 2025.
Monday's statement from the summit in Riyadh reiterated regional leaders' call for Palestinian territories -- including Gaza, which is separated from the West Bank by Israeli territory -- to be grouped together in a future state.
The leaders also condemned "horrific and shocking crimes" by Israel's army in Gaza, saying they occurred "in the context of the crime of genocide".
Ceasefire call
Addressing Monday's summit, Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman called for immediate ceasefires in both Gaza and Lebanon. The world must "immediately halt the Israeli actions against our brothers in Palestine and Lebanon", he said, while condemning Israel's campaign in Gaza as "genocide".
The final statement included a call for a ban on the export and transfer of weapons to Israel.
Arab and Muslim Leaders also condemned what they described as "continued attacks" by Israel against the United Nations peacekeeping soldiers and positions in Lebanon.
Since September 23, Israel has been waging open warfare in neighboring Lebanon against Hezbollah, which had opened the Southern front, in support of its Palestinian following the October 7 attack.
The Arab countries called for the respect of Lebanon's sovereignty, the election of a President of the Republic without delay, the establishment of a government, in accordance with the Constitution, and for the implementation of the Taif Agreement (which put an end to the 1975-1990 civil war) .
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